Historical Spanish Fencing Treatises

Cf. "La presencia del Libro de la filosofía de las armas de Carranza en el Quijote de 1615." In _Cervantes: Bulletin of the Cervantes Society of America_, 27.2 (Fall 2007 [2008]): 155-80. Copyright 2008, The Cervantes Society of America. http://www.h-net.org/~cervantes/csa/articf07/merichf07.pdf

Cf. "La presencia del Libro de la filosofía de las armas de Carranza en el Quijote de 1615." In _Cervantes: Bulletin of the Cervantes Society of America_, 27.2 (Fall 2007 [2008]): 155-80. Copyright 2008, The Cervantes Society of America. http://www.h-net.org/~cervantes/csa/articf07/merichf07.pdf

1600 ca. date added from Pardoel's bibliography

Also cited as, Carta al duque de cea diciendo su parecer acerca del libro de Geronimo de Carrança.; mentions Agrippa and other Italians on p. 2

'Mendez de Carmona, a carrancista, describes carrancistas using a less strict angulo recto, different footwork, allowing the fencer to bend the knees, and applying common tretas for rapier and dagger as la Enarcada, la Encadenada or la Empanada.' Alberto Bomprezzi. "Ofrece interés esta obra, una de las pocas que contradicen los principios de Pacheco, decidiéndose el autor á imprimirla «por haber conocido los yerros de los Maestros que pretendían explicar la doctrina de Carranza.»" Leguina, p. 83. Pacheco (1635) was written in response to this work.

"... uno domandato Luigi Mendez de Carmona impresse un libro opponendosi all'opera di Narvaez; al fine il buon Narvaez gli rispose, con un libro intitolato Engaño, y desengaño de la destrezza de las Armas, empremido en Madrid en la Emprenta del Reyno en el Año 1635." Pallavicini (1670), p. 29. See also Leguina, p. 95: "El objeto del libro es contestar al Compendio que hizo Luís de Carmona, en defensa de la doctrina de Carranza, y al mismo tiempo, contradecir y refutar muchas de las afirmaciones de éste. Por hallarse dedicada á D. Pedro Mexía de Tovar, algunos escritores, como Castle, han citado la obra con el nombre de aquél, y la fecha, también equivocada, de 1636." However, appearing separately in José Luis Barrio Moya, "La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)" in Militaria, Revista de Cultura Militar, 2001, número 15. 119-137, is Mexía de Tovar, Pedro, _Engaños y Desengaños las errores en la destreza de las armas_, Madrid, 1636.

"... uno domandato Luigi Mendez de Carmona impresse un libro opponendosi all'opera di Narvaez; al fine il buon Narvaez gli rispose, con un libro intitolato Engaño, y desengaño de la destrezza de las Armas, empremido en Madrid en la Emprenta del Reyno en el Año 1635." Pallavicini (1670), p. 29. See also Leguina, p. 95: "El objeto del libro es contestar al Compendio que hizo Luís de Carmona, en defensa de la doctrina de Carranza, y al mismo tiempo, contradecir y refutar muchas de las afirmaciones de éste. Por hallarse dedicada á D. Pedro Mexía de Tovar, algunos escritores, como Castle, han citado la obra con el nombre de aquél, y la fecha, también equivocada, de 1636." However, appearing separately in José Luis Barrio Moya, "La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)" in Militaria, Revista de Cultura Militar, 2001, número 15. 119-137, is Mexía de Tovar, Pedro, _Engaños y Desengaños las errores en la destreza de las armas_, Madrid, 1636.

"... uno domandato Luigi Mendez de Carmona impresse un libro opponendosi all'opera di Narvaez; al fine il buon Narvaez gli rispose, con un libro intitolato Engaño, y desengaño de la destrezza de las Armas, empremido en Madrid en la Emprenta del Reyno en el Año 1635." Pallavicini (1670), p. 29. See also Leguina, p. 95: "El objeto del libro es contestar al Compendio que hizo Luís de Carmona, en defensa de la doctrina de Carranza, y al mismo tiempo, contradecir y refutar muchas de las afirmaciones de éste. Por hallarse dedicada á D. Pedro Mexía de Tovar, algunos escritores, como Castle, han citado la obra con el nombre de aquél, y la fecha, también equivocada, de 1636." However, appearing separately in José Luis Barrio Moya, "La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)" in Militaria, Revista de Cultura Militar, 2001, número 15. 119-137, is Mexía de Tovar, Pedro, _Engaños y Desengaños las errores en la destreza de las armas_, Madrid, 1636.

Cristobal de Cala (1642) cites this book approvingly (p. 47b).

Title adjusted and date taken from Leguina, p. 83.

... Cristobal de Cala, in his Desengaño de la Espada y Norte de Diestros (Cadiz, 1648), stated that destreza had became overly complicated and sought to return to Carranza's original methods." Maestro Ramón Martínez, in "Jeronimo de Carranza's 'Philosophy' of Arms" http://www.martinez-destreza.com/articles/carranza.htm . "... en este año de quarenta y dos a onze dias del mes de Abril contè sesenta y sieta años que tengo, y de maestro quarento dos, ha treinta y seis aos que me esamine en Madrid por Ivan de Morales .." (p. 47). This would make his year of birth 1564 or 1565. He was examined 36 years before writing this text. Mary Curtis: "[De Paredes] was the fencing master of the pages from 1593 until his death Jan. 19, 1605. Then, Juan de Morales was given that position." 1642-36=1606.

... Cristobal de Cala, in his Desengaño de la Espada y Norte de Diestros (Cadiz, 1648), stated that destreza had became overly complicated and sought to return to Carranza's original methods." Maestro Ramón Martínez, in "Jeronimo de Carranza's 'Philosophy' of Arms" http://www.martinez-destreza.com/articles/carranza.htm . "... en este año de quarenta y dos a onze dias del mes de Abril contè sesenta y sieta años que tengo, y de maestro quarento dos, ha treinta y seis aos que me esamine en Madrid por Ivan de Morales .." (p. 47). This would make his year of birth 1564 or 1565. He was examined 36 years before writing this text. Mary Curtis: "[De Paredes] was the fencing master of the pages from 1593 until his death Jan. 19, 1605. Then, Juan de Morales was given that position." 1642-36=1606.

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76); a rdfs:Resource. 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76); a rdfs:Resource. 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76); a rdfs:Resource. 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76); a rdfs:Resource. 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76); a rdfs:Resource. 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76). 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76). 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76). 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76). 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Attributed by Ettenhard to Pacheco de Narvaez: '... el movimiento que el Diestro hiziere, ha de ser con tal medida que ni sobre en lo superfluo, ni falte en lo necessario' (p. 76). 'Y para que con mas firmeza que de aprobado este dictamen, referirò tambien lo que dize en el libro que intitulò, Engaño, y Desengaño de la Destreza, en el fol. 189, donde declara, que siempre doctrinò, y aconsejò que se hiriesse con Treta contraria, y diferente de la que hiziesse el adversario, y no de su misma especie.' (p. 109) Cf. Pallavicini (1670).

Contains a papel written by Don Francisco Antonio de Ettenhard

Resumen de la verdadera destreza de las armas, en treinta y ocho asserciones --- PEREZ DE MENDOZA Y QUIXADA, (Miguel) --- resumidas, y advertidas con demonstraciones practicas, deducido de las dos obras principales que tiene escritas su autor. --- 4to (195 x 132mm.) ff.[21], 73, title and beginning of dedication printed in red and black, engraved frontispice portrait, and large folding plate (mapa) at f.69 with inset portait of author, geometrical figures, fencing positions etc., modern half calf over marbled boards, frontispice mounted, small tear in large plate strengthened --- Madrid: F. Sanz, 1675 --- The author Perez de Mendoza The large engraved plate has on f. 68verso a caption :'En el mapa, que mira esta plana se delinean todas las formas especulativas, que dan luz a la practica, para valerse de la verdadera destreza con todo genero de armas, y contra todas naciones', and pasted at the foot of the plate (and covering whatever there is) a long (6 lines) cancellans engraved slip with legend concerning the nature of the text, in which the name of the author is given in full (second state). The engraving of the arms of Carlos II on the title and the large plate are signed by Marco Orozco as engraver, the latter dated 1674. --- Palau 221467 (who makes it clear that the plate is often lacking); the work is mentioned in the standard bibliographies of fencing (Thimm p.168), but with no details, and would seem to be far from common. Copies are found at: Madrid BN (ER/4818), NLS Edinburgh in the UK (G.26.d.110), France at the BNF, and 4 copies in USA (Harvard (with plate on yellow satin), plus Yale, Kansas and Michigan (listed on OCLC). There seems to be no copy in Germany or Austria,and it is not in the BL. --- Date:1675 --- http://www.maggs.com/title/EA11422.asp

Resumen de la verdadera destreza de las armas, en treinta y ocho asserciones --- PEREZ DE MENDOZA Y QUIXADA, (Miguel) --- resumidas, y advertidas con demonstraciones practicas, deducido de las dos obras principales que tiene escritas su autor. --- 4to (195 x 132mm.) ff.[21], 73, title and beginning of dedication printed in red and black, engraved frontispice portrait, and large folding plate (mapa) at f.69 with inset portait of author, geometrical figures, fencing positions etc., modern half calf over marbled boards, frontispice mounted, small tear in large plate strengthened --- Madrid: F. Sanz, 1675 --- The author Perez de Mendoza The large engraved plate has on f. 68verso a caption :'En el mapa, que mira esta plana se delinean todas las formas especulativas, que dan luz a la practica, para valerse de la verdadera destreza con todo genero de armas, y contra todas naciones', and pasted at the foot of the plate (and covering whatever there is) a long (6 lines) cancellans engraved slip with legend concerning the nature of the text, in which the name of the author is given in full (second state). The engraving of the arms of Carlos II on the title and the large plate are signed by Marco Orozco as engraver, the latter dated 1674. --- Palau 221467 (who makes it clear that the plate is often lacking); the work is mentioned in the standard bibliographies of fencing (Thimm p.168), but with no details, and would seem to be far from common. Copies are found at: Madrid BN (ER/4818), NLS Edinburgh in the UK (G.26.d.110), France at the BNF, and 4 copies in USA (Harvard (with plate on yellow satin), plus Yale, Kansas and Michigan (listed on OCLC). There seems to be no copy in Germany or Austria,and it is not in the BL. --- Date:1675 --- http://www.maggs.com/title/EA11422.asp

Resumen de la verdadera destreza de las armas, en treinta y ocho asserciones --- PEREZ DE MENDOZA Y QUIXADA, (Miguel) --- resumidas, y advertidas con demonstraciones practicas, deducido de las dos obras principales que tiene escritas su autor. --- 4to (195 x 132mm.) ff.[21], 73, title and beginning of dedication printed in red and black, engraved frontispice portrait, and large folding plate (mapa) at f.69 with inset portait of author, geometrical figures, fencing positions etc., modern half calf over marbled boards, frontispice mounted, small tear in large plate strengthened --- Madrid: F. Sanz, 1675 --- The author Perez de Mendoza The large engraved plate has on f. 68verso a caption :'En el mapa, que mira esta plana se delinean todas las formas especulativas, que dan luz a la practica, para valerse de la verdadera destreza con todo genero de armas, y contra todas naciones', and pasted at the foot of the plate (and covering whatever there is) a long (6 lines) cancellans engraved slip with legend concerning the nature of the text, in which the name of the author is given in full (second state). The engraving of the arms of Carlos II on the title and the large plate are signed by Marco Orozco as engraver, the latter dated 1674. --- Palau 221467 (who makes it clear that the plate is often lacking); the work is mentioned in the standard bibliographies of fencing (Thimm p.168), but with no details, and would seem to be far from common. Copies are found at: Madrid BN (ER/4818), NLS Edinburgh in the UK (G.26.d.110), France at the BNF, and 4 copies in USA (Harvard (with plate on yellow satin), plus Yale, Kansas and Michigan (listed on OCLC). There seems to be no copy in Germany or Austria,and it is not in the BL. --- Date:1675 --- http://www.maggs.com/title/EA11422.asp

Resumen de la verdadera destreza de las armas, en treinta y ocho asserciones --- PEREZ DE MENDOZA Y QUIXADA, (Miguel) --- resumidas, y advertidas con demonstraciones practicas, deducido de las dos obras principales que tiene escritas su autor. --- 4to (195 x 132mm.) ff.[21], 73, title and beginning of dedication printed in red and black, engraved frontispice portrait, and large folding plate (mapa) at f.69 with inset portait of author, geometrical figures, fencing positions etc., modern half calf over marbled boards, frontispice mounted, small tear in large plate strengthened --- Madrid: F. Sanz, 1675 --- The author Perez de Mendoza The large engraved plate has on f. 68verso a caption :'En el mapa, que mira esta plana se delinean todas las formas especulativas, que dan luz a la practica, para valerse de la verdadera destreza con todo genero de armas, y contra todas naciones', and pasted at the foot of the plate (and covering whatever there is) a long (6 lines) cancellans engraved slip with legend concerning the nature of the text, in which the name of the author is given in full (second state). The engraving of the arms of Carlos II on the title and the large plate are signed by Marco Orozco as engraver, the latter dated 1674. --- Palau 221467 (who makes it clear that the plate is often lacking); the work is mentioned in the standard bibliographies of fencing (Thimm p.168), but with no details, and would seem to be far from common. Copies are found at: Madrid BN (ER/4818), NLS Edinburgh in the UK (G.26.d.110), France at the BNF, and 4 copies in USA (Harvard (with plate on yellow satin), plus Yale, Kansas and Michigan (listed on OCLC). There seems to be no copy in Germany or Austria,and it is not in the BL. --- Date:1675 --- http://www.maggs.com/title/EA11422.asp

'... Perez de Mendoza describes in 1675 the 30 tretas and Cruzado ... in 1702 does the same again in more detail.' Alberto Bomprezzi; 'Perez de Mendoza and Ettenhard hated each other and could not avoid showing it in their books.' Alberto Bomprezzi, http://forums.swordforum.com/showthread.php?t=53658. The frontispiece includes labelled drawings of a mangual (a long-handled, three-headed flail), a montante, rodela, broquel, cup-hilted swords and parrying daggers. Of interest: José Luis Barrio Moya. 'La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)'. MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar. 2001, número 15, 119-137.

'... Perez de Mendoza describes in 1675 the 30 tretas and Cruzado ... in 1702 does the same again in more detail.' Alberto Bomprezzi; 'Perez de Mendoza and Ettenhard hated each other and could not avoid showing it in their books.' Alberto Bomprezzi, http://forums.swordforum.com/showthread.php?t=53658. The frontispiece includes labelled drawings of a mangual (a long-handled, three-headed flail), a montante, rodela, broquel, cup-hilted swords and parrying daggers. Of interest: José Luis Barrio Moya. 'La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)'. MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar. 2001, número 15, 119-137.

'... Perez de Mendoza describes in 1675 the 30 tretas and Cruzado ... in 1702 does the same again in more detail.' Alberto Bomprezzi; 'Perez de Mendoza and Ettenhard hated each other and could not avoid showing it in their books.' Alberto Bomprezzi, http://forums.swordforum.com/showthread.php?t=53658. The frontispiece includes labelled drawings of a mangual (a long-handled, three-headed flail), a montante, rodela, broquel, cup-hilted swords and parrying daggers. Of interest: José Luis Barrio Moya. 'La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)'. MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar. 2001, número 15, 119-137.

'... Perez de Mendoza describes in 1675 the 30 tretas and Cruzado ... in 1702 does the same again in more detail.' Alberto Bomprezzi; 'Perez de Mendoza and Ettenhard hated each other and could not avoid showing it in their books.' Alberto Bomprezzi, http://forums.swordforum.com/showthread.php?t=53658. The frontispiece includes labelled drawings of a mangual (a long-handled, three-headed flail), a montante, rodela, broquel, cup-hilted swords and parrying daggers. Of interest: José Luis Barrio Moya. 'La biblioteca de Don Miguel Pérez de Mendoza, Maestro de Armas riojano del Rey Carlos II (1679)'. MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar. 2001, número 15, 119-137.

The British Library's copy was destroyed in the war (correspondence dated 22 May 2009). Copy available from the BNE. "... eligiendo los medios mas proporcionados sin que falte en lo necesario, ni sobre en lo superfluo; atendiendo à las circunstançias, que se requieren." image 10.

'Nunca has de estar fijo sobre ambos pies; el uno ha de estar pronto, y casi sin tocar en el suelo, ...' Never stand fixed over both feet; one of them must be ready, and almost w/o touching the ground (p. 29) 'Siempre has de tener la spada inquieta (restless [in motion]) (p. 29) 'Finalmente, el batallar con diferentes personas es lo principal, porque el entendimiento vence con la razo'n, y lo pra'ctico, con la ejecucio'n, obrando pies, manos y cuerpo lo que dictan las demonstraciones.' (p. 29)

Tamariz (p. 33) says that this is Rada's second work. On p. 9 Rada comments that he began studying "la verdadera destreza, y Philosophia Mathematica de las armas" from the age of 14 until he was 34, working at it daily, "with the best men in the world, of all nations, in the Imperial Villa of Madrid, in Spain, in America and in the principal of Italy, as are the head of the world, Rome, and in the most opulent city of Naples, and many other parts", and that he read fencing works from 1474 to 1694. (pp. 9-10) Since he was born in 1660, 1660 + 34 = 1694, so 1694 is the earliest this could have been published, with 1695 being another possibility. Dr. Manuel Valle confirms that this is the Crisol, published in 1695. The BNE catalogues it as Computo de su grande obra nobleza de la espada. It is missing the t.p. Note revised 2011-06-08. In 1705 (III) 503 he dates it to 1693. 2011-08-20. Praise for Ettenhard at the begining and on p. 249. 2011-08-24.

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain; a rdfs:Resource. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain; a rdfs:Resource. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain; a rdfs:Resource. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain; a rdfs:Resource. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain; a rdfs:Resource. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

From a note on http://www.aemma.org/vmp/books/treatise.htm Title: Nobleza De La Espada Author: Lorenz de Rada, 1705 This original first edition of one of the most elaborate and extensively illustrated Spanish works on the science, art and practice of fencing. The fine engraved plates demonstrate fencing on geometrical principles, providing detailed diagrams of sword positions and arm and leg movements. The work is scarce, the NUC entry describing a microfilmed copy at Brown University (imperfect) and citing only three locations, presumably for complete copies of the original: Harvard, Library of Congress and Boston Public. Lorenz De Rada is described on the title as a Knight of the Order of Santiago and Chancellor-Major and Perpetual Inspector of the Kingdoms of New Spain. Lorenz de Rada, Fancisco, Marques de los Torres de Rada [d.1713]. Nobleza De La Espada, Cuyo Esplendor Se Expressa En Tres Libros, Seguin Ciencia, Arte, Y Experiencia... 3 Volumes in 2 [title varies]. folio pp. 14, p.l., 204; 6 p.l., 330 [4]; 4 p.;., 622. Titles in red & black within typographical borders. 2 engraved titles & 98 engraved plates. Woodcut ornaments & initials. Contemporary limp vellum (lower margin of 1 engraved title repaired, some minor marginal dampstaining & worming, overeall a very attractive copy). Madrid: Joseph Rodriguez Escobar [Vol III: Diego Martinez Abad], 1705 Price: $6,200.00 USD (not including shipping & handling)

'... la verdadera Destreza es una ciencia que consta de unos principios universales, y que esta no tiene patria, ni está limitada á este ó el otro pais, sino á todo el que tenga gusto y aplicación ...' [Introduction, p. 2]

'... la verdadera Destreza es una ciencia que consta de unos principios universales, y que esta no tiene patria, ni está limitada á este ó el otro pais, sino á todo el que tenga gusto y aplicación ...' [Introduction, p. 2]

FRIAS, SIM0N DE TRATADO ELEMENTAL DE LA DESTREZA DEL SABLE Mexico: En La Imprenta De Arizpe., 1809. "Compuesto por Don Simon Frias, Maestro de Todas Armas Examinado, Aprobado y Titulado por el Superior Gobierno de Nueva Espana". Covers are stained, edges darkened. . Corners rounded. Spine extremities are frayed with about 1/8" of the leather missing. . Previous owner's stamp noted in several places, the name having been erased, but the title "Maestro de Armas" preserved. Half-title is present. Text clean throughout. Illustrated with thirteen plates, bound at the end of the volume. Two of the plates are folding. Some peripheral spotting. Both fold-out plates have a 1" closed tear at bottom of fold without any paper loss. The plates show a variety of positions of attack and defensive counters, the fencers in period clothing. Two figures are placed on each page. The folding plates show proper foot positions. The final plate shows pads, gloves, and a sabre. [ (14), 201, (17), 13 plates, (1). The plates were signed by P. Patino and engraved by Manuel Araoz. This treatise is thought to be the earliest book on fencing with the sabre published in Mexico. We can find only two books sold at auction in the past 30 years. OCLC Worldcat lists ten libraries worldwide holding this title. Little is known of the author's life. He was a fencing master in New Spain. Thimm 108, Pardoel 989. Other citations: Leguina 65, Medina 10252, Palau 95016, and Dicc. Porrua. . First Edition.. Full Publisher's Sheep.. General Moderate Wear.. Small Quarto; a rdfs:Resource. http://www.vialibri.net/item_pg/3171068-1809-frias-simn-tratado-elemental-destreza-del-sable.htm FRÍAS, Simón de. Tratado elemental de la destreza del sable. Compuesto por Don Simón de Frías, maestro de todas armas examinado, aprobado y titulado por el superior gobierno de Nueva España. Mexico: En la Imprenta de Arizpe, 1809 [but 1810]. [14], 1-201 [17] pp., 13 copper-engraved plates (2 of which are folding) of fencing positions, gear, and positions, most signed: P. Patiño dib. | M. Araoz gra. or P. P. dib. | M. A. gra. Small 4to (21.2 x 15.8), contemporary full Mexican tan sheep, spine lettered and ruled in gilt, original green spine label, edges sprinkled in green. Binding fine except for a few scattered stains and scuff marks; small paper and ink library label at foot of spine. Lower hinge slightly cracked, some scattered light foxing, one leaf with light marginal staining. Front pastedown, front free endpaper, and half title with a narrow 7 cm ink mark. Some plates with light scattered foxing; plates 2 and 3 with paper tape repairs to tears (no losses); 3 plates trimmed close at right margin (no losses). Overall a very good, crisp copy. Twentieth-century book plate of Ricardo Toledo (printing theme) on front pastedown and old ink signature of Vicente Quirós on rear flyleaf; a rdfs:Resource. First edition. Garritz 362. Leguina, Bibliografía e historia de la esgrima española 65. Medina, México 10252. Palau 95016. Thimm, A Complete Bibliography of Fencing and Dueling, p. 108. Medina notes that in reality, the book was published on August 14, 1810, because of delays occasioned by engraver Araoz. The Mexican author was a master of arms in New Spain. Dicc. Porrúa notes that his birth and death dates are unknown, but he is known to have taught self defense by 1787. Of engraver Manuel Araoz, Mathes (La Ilustración en México colonial) comments: “Manuel Araoz, instructor in engraving, produced thirteen excellent plates of fencing and fighting maneuvers using the saber for Simón de Frías, Tratado elemental de la destreza del sable, Imprenta de Arizpe.” The artist, who signs his name P. Patiño or P.P., may be sculptor and artist Pedro Patiño Ixtolinque (1774-1835, see Dicc. Porrúa); a rdfs:Resource. This may be the earliest book on any form of fencing published in Mexico and is a thorough guide to the formal sport of fencing with sabers, complete with accurate, detailed illustrations. The author includes descriptions of various attacks, defenses, proper foot work, posture, and equipment, including detailed descriptions of the fencing sword. He states that his motive in writing the book is to promote the art of self defense, which he stresses is important not only for personal use, but also for other causes, such as the defense of one’s nation. ($2,500-5,000) http://www.dsloan.com/Auctions/A22/item-frias-tratado-1809.html (Cf. A map of Mexico in 1809: http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~1868~170006:-Composite-Map-of--Carte-Generale-D)

FRIAS, SIM0N DE TRATADO ELEMENTAL DE LA DESTREZA DEL SABLE Mexico: En La Imprenta De Arizpe., 1809. "Compuesto por Don Simon Frias, Maestro de Todas Armas Examinado, Aprobado y Titulado por el Superior Gobierno de Nueva Espana". Covers are stained, edges darkened. . Corners rounded. Spine extremities are frayed with about 1/8" of the leather missing. . Previous owner's stamp noted in several places, the name having been erased, but the title "Maestro de Armas" preserved. Half-title is present. Text clean throughout. Illustrated with thirteen plates, bound at the end of the volume. Two of the plates are folding. Some peripheral spotting. Both fold-out plates have a 1" closed tear at bottom of fold without any paper loss. The plates show a variety of positions of attack and defensive counters, the fencers in period clothing. Two figures are placed on each page. The folding plates show proper foot positions. The final plate shows pads, gloves, and a sabre. [ (14), 201, (17), 13 plates, (1). The plates were signed by P. Patino and engraved by Manuel Araoz. This treatise is thought to be the earliest book on fencing with the sabre published in Mexico. We can find only two books sold at auction in the past 30 years. OCLC Worldcat lists ten libraries worldwide holding this title. Little is known of the author's life. He was a fencing master in New Spain. Thimm 108, Pardoel 989. Other citations: Leguina 65, Medina 10252, Palau 95016, and Dicc. Porrua. . First Edition.. Full Publisher's Sheep.. General Moderate Wear.. Small Quarto. http://www.vialibri.net/item_pg/3171068-1809-frias-simn-tratado-elemental-destreza-del-sable.htm FRÍAS, Simón de. Tratado elemental de la destreza del sable. Compuesto por Don Simón de Frías, maestro de todas armas examinado, aprobado y titulado por el superior gobierno de Nueva España. Mexico: En la Imprenta de Arizpe, 1809 [but 1810]. [14], 1-201 [17] pp., 13 copper-engraved plates (2 of which are folding) of fencing positions, gear, and positions, most signed: P. Patiño dib. | M. Araoz gra. or P. P. dib. | M. A. gra. Small 4to (21.2 x 15.8), contemporary full Mexican tan sheep, spine lettered and ruled in gilt, original green spine label, edges sprinkled in green. Binding fine except for a few scattered stains and scuff marks; small paper and ink library label at foot of spine. Lower hinge slightly cracked, some scattered light foxing, one leaf with light marginal staining. Front pastedown, front free endpaper, and half title with a narrow 7 cm ink mark. Some plates with light scattered foxing; plates 2 and 3 with paper tape repairs to tears (no losses); 3 plates trimmed close at right margin (no losses). Overall a very good, crisp copy. Twentieth-century book plate of Ricardo Toledo (printing theme) on front pastedown and old ink signature of Vicente Quirós on rear flyleaf. First edition. Garritz 362. Leguina, Bibliografía e historia de la esgrima española 65. Medina, México 10252. Palau 95016. Thimm, A Complete Bibliography of Fencing and Dueling, p. 108. Medina notes that in reality, the book was published on August 14, 1810, because of delays occasioned by engraver Araoz. The Mexican author was a master of arms in New Spain. Dicc. Porrúa notes that his birth and death dates are unknown, but he is known to have taught self defense by 1787. Of engraver Manuel Araoz, Mathes (La Ilustración en México colonial) comments: “Manuel Araoz, instructor in engraving, produced thirteen excellent plates of fencing and fighting maneuvers using the saber for Simón de Frías, Tratado elemental de la destreza del sable, Imprenta de Arizpe.” The artist, who signs his name P. Patiño or P.P., may be sculptor and artist Pedro Patiño Ixtolinque (1774-1835, see Dicc. Porrúa). This may be the earliest book on any form of fencing published in Mexico and is a thorough guide to the formal sport of fencing with sabers, complete with accurate, detailed illustrations. The author includes descriptions of various attacks, defenses, proper foot work, posture, and equipment, including detailed descriptions of the fencing sword. He states that his motive in writing the book is to promote the art of self defense, which he stresses is important not only for personal use, but also for other causes, such as the defense of one’s nation. ($2,500-5,000) http://www.dsloan.com/Auctions/A22/item-frias-tratado-1809.html (Cf. A map of Mexico in 1809: http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~1868~170006:-Composite-Map-of--Carte-Generale-D)

Also of interest is the Manual de esgrima en que se trata de la esgrima de la espada, espada y daga, del sable, y del florete, ("Manual of Fencing that Treats on the Fencing of Sword, Sword and Dagger, Saber and Foil") by Don Antonio Heraud y Clavijo De Soria, first published in 1864 in Paris and reprinted in Paris and Mexico in an expanded form in 1877, 1892, and 1905. Although this work is also of a mixed system—showing the Bourbon influence in Spain—the foundations of destreza are clearly strongly based on Carranza’s theories. Of even greater importance is that this work shows that la destreza, and systems derived from it, continued to be taught and practiced, surviving through the 19th and into the 20th centuries. Maestro Ramón Martínez, in "Jeronimo de Carranza's 'Philosophy' of Arms" http://www.martinez-destreza.com/articles/carranza.htm

Figures 17a and 18a on the penultimate plate are nice complements to the discussion in Brea (1805), pp. 15-16, and the accompanying late, L.7, but Dueñas labels his diagrams directly.

Figures 17a and 18a on the penultimate plate are nice complements to the discussion in Brea (1805), pp. 15-16, and the accompanying late, L.7, but Dueñas labels his diagrams directly.